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Arabica Coffee Beans The beans that comprise Arabica coffee were grown in Ethiopia and then spread to lower Arabia (now Yemen) in the 7th century. It was then that Arab scholars wrote that coffee brewed from roasted beans helped them prolong their working hours. High-quality arabica coffee is sweet and extremely aromatic, with notes of fruit, herbs chocolate, flowers, nuts and more. It also contains less coffee than robusta. Origin Arabica beans are by far the most common coffee bean. The beans originate from the Coffea Arabicica plant which was discovered in Ethiopia. The plant is more productive at higher altitudes and requires a subtropical atmosphere. It is low in acidity and can produce numerous flavors and aromas. The taste is different from region to region: it can vary from sweet and fruity to cereal-like or winey according to the soil and the climate. The aroma of beans is usually described as a scent. It was first cultivated by the Oromo in Kefa which is in the present day Ethiopia. Later, it was transferred to lower Arabia (now Yemen) by merchants and scholars. The first written accounts of coffee being brewed as drinks date back to the 12th century. The scholars wrote about the brew enabled them to extend their working hours. This invention was quickly spread across the globe. About 70% of the coffee consumed today is arabica. Robusta is a variety of the Coffea canephora plant, is the second most popular variety. Robusta is twice as high in caffeine as arabica and is very bitter. It is commonly used as a filler for certain blends of ground coffee. The finest varieties of arabica are produced in areas such as Jamaica's Blue Mountain, Colombia Supremo or the Sidamo province of Ethiopia. The arabica beans from these regions are characterised by their smoky, mild flavor and exquisite scents. Arabica is in danger due to the coffee bush berry, which is invasive, as well as fungi diseases. It is advised to plant it in protected areas. To protect the crop from diseases, the plant needs to be regularly watered and pruned. It is also essential to eliminate any pests or insects from the plants, since they can be carriers of disease. A variety of plant protection agents are available to prevent the spread of disease and help the trees grow strong and healthy. This will result in higher yields and more stable prices. The roasting method used and the processing of the coffee will determine the quality. The aroma and taste depend on the location of the region where it is grown and also by the specific genetics of the coffee plant. The arabica variety is distinguished by its floral, fruity and citrus-like flavours. The acidity of the beans is determined by the place of origin and roasting method. Taste The taste of arabica coffee is more sweet than the robusta variety and its flavour profile has hints of chocolate and sugar and fruity tones. It also has less caffeine. Its flavour profile depends on many factors, including its origin, roast level and processing method. This kind of coffee is more than other types, and is fragile and requires proper cultivation and storage. Arabica is grown in many climate zones, and its taste is dependent on the region of production. In general, these beans thrive in the equatorial zones between 23 degrees north and 25 degrees south of the equator. This is where you will find the highest quality arabica beans, including Geisha that have a unique elongated shape and curved groove in their center. No matter the country in the country they are grown, all top quality arabica beans possess a pleasing sweetness and a delicate note of dark chocolate. They also possess a hint of citrus and fruity acidity. The exact aroma and taste will vary depending on where they are cultivated. Ethiopian and Ethiopian coffees have floral and fruity characteristics as do Indonesian coffees tend to be earthy. Robusta is the second most popular coffee variety in America. It has a stronger bitterness and is less smooth. Its intense flavor makes it ideal for instant coffee granules, but not for brewing coffee. Although arabica beans are more expensive than the other varieties, they are better tasting and have many health advantages. This is due to their high levels of antioxidants which combat free radicals and shield your cells from damage. You should always be aware that your personal preferences can affect how you drink coffee. Some people will never like the taste of arabica coffee and for them, other varieties might be more appealing. It is due to the physiology and flavor characteristics of our taste buds that we have different tastes for drinks and food. Processing Arabica coffee beans are prized by specialty coffee drinkers for their quality and taste. They are also well-known for their wide range of flavour profiles and notes. Many of these brands focus on sustainable farming techniques and ethical methods of sourcing. They typically promote their products using information about the beans' origin, processing and flavor profile. They make use of this information to assure their customers about the authenticity and quality of their coffee. The method of processing the coffee undergoes can have a major impact on the taste and smell. The wet method is the most popular, but it can result in coffee with imperfections that are not desirable. Dry methods, on the other hand removes the mucilage from the beans and produces superior quality coffee. Dry processing is more difficult to maintain due to its lengthy drying times as well as high humidity levels. Specialty coffees are crafted from arabica beans that have been meticulously sourced and processed to meet certain requirements. These criteria include sustainability, quality and fair wages for farmers. Transparency is another important aspect of their appeal. Some of the most sought-after specialty coffees are organic fair trade, and single-origin. These certifications don't necessarily guarantee superior coffee, but they do provide an excellent starting point for those who are looking to purchase. New methods of processing can improve the chemical composition of arabica beans and create new flavor pre-cursors during roasting. However, these processes require a large amount of equipment that could be costly for small-scale coffee bean farmers. Moreover, some of these methods can lead to the production of volatile flavors and metabolites. A variety of new processing techniques for arabica beans have been devised, including the AF and CM process. These methods utilize anaerobic conditions to induce large-scale fermentation and encourage the creation of flavor-enhancing compounds found in coffee beans. These methods should be employed with caution, as they may reduce the variety of organic acids in coffee beans and could result in an unpleasant winey taste (Wang, et al. 2020b). Health benefits Coffee isn't just a morning ritual for millions of people; it's also a rich source of antioxidants and other nutrients that aid in maintaining your body's health. specialty arabica coffee beans are particularly beneficial to your health, as they contain high levels of magnesium, potassium and folate acids. In addition to being an excellent energy booster, arabica coffee provides numerous health benefits that could aid in the prevention of cancer and heart disease. Arabica thrives best at higher altitudes, which is why it's grown in regions like Brazil and Central America, Indonesia, and South-eastern India. These regions are known as the “coffee belt” an area that lies between the Tropic of Cancer, and the Tropic of Capricorn. The high altitudes of these regions are ideal for the cultivation of arabica beans as they offer cooler temperatures and better conditions for the plant to flourish. The chlorogenic acid present in arabica beans can protect against cancer and liver disease. It also helps lower blood pressure, improve digestion and help prevent diabetes. Chlorogenic acid is an effective antioxidant that can even help improve your mental health by slowing the ageing process and protecting against Alzheimer's disease. It also can increase levels of dopamine and serotonin which can boost your mood. While arabica beans are an excellent option to get your daily intake of vitamin E, it's important to note that all coffee contains caffeine, which can be problematic for some individuals. It's also important to know your tolerance level to caffeine as your individual genes and body chemical make up the basis for whether you're a fast or slow metabolizer of the substance. The antioxidant properties of arabica coffee are evident in its low-calorie content. A cup of arabica coffee that is brewed has a tiny amount of calories, which makes it an excellent choice when you want to drink a beverage without the added fat or sugar commonly found in other beverages. In its unsweetened and raw form, arabica coffee supplies your body with numerous important nutrients, including riboflavin niacin and folic acids.